Microsoft 365 Excel is a cloud-based spreadsheet and data-management platform used by operations teams, finance departments, analysts, and business users to organize, calculate, report on, and automate structured data workflows. The Microsoft 365 Excel integration within the Wrk platform allows you to automate spreadsheet-based workflows by calling the Microsoft Graph Excel API through prebuilt Wrk Actions.
This document provides an overview of how Microsoft 365 Excel integrates into Wrk, how authentication works, general API behaviour, and a full list of available Wrk Actions.
Authentication
Microsoft 365 Excel uses OAuth 2.0 authentication through Microsoft Entra ID (formerly Azure Active Directory). When connecting a Microsoft 365 Excel account in Wrk, users are redirected to Microsoft’s OAuth consent screen to authenticate and authorize access.
After authorization is completed, Wrk receives an access token and refresh token which are used for all subsequent Microsoft Graph API requests.
Important Notes
OAuth access tokens expire automatically; Wrk refreshes them in the background.
If Microsoft account permissions or consent scopes are revoked, the connection must be reauthenticated.
If authentication fails, Microsoft Graph typically returns HTTP 401 Unauthorized or HTTP 403 Forbidden.
Required Permissions
Depending on the Wrk Actions being used, Microsoft Graph may require permissions such as:
Permission | Purpose |
Files.Read | Read Excel workbooks and worksheets |
Files.ReadWrite | Create or update workbook content |
Sites.Read.All | Access SharePoint-hosted Excel files |
Sites.ReadWrite.All | Modify SharePoint-hosted workbook data |
How to Authenticate
Create a new Microsoft 365 Excel Connected Account in Wrk.
Sign in using your Microsoft 365 account.
Grant the requested Microsoft Graph permissions.
Select the OneDrive or SharePoint environment Wrk should access.
Documentation: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/auth/
General API Behaviour
Workbook Sessions
Microsoft Graph Excel APIs support persistent workbook sessions. Sessions allow multiple API calls to operate against the same workbook context, improving performance and reducing recalculation overhead.
Wrk Actions may automatically create and reuse workbook sessions where supported.
Session-based operations typically include:
Reading worksheet data
Updating ranges
Creating tables
Appending rows
If a workbook session expires or becomes invalid, Microsoft Graph may return HTTP 404 or session-related errors.
Worksheet and Range References
Excel APIs commonly operate using workbook, worksheet, table, and range identifiers.
Examples include:
Worksheet names
Table IDs
Cell ranges such as:
A1:D20
Ranges are case-insensitive but must follow valid Excel address syntax.
Pagination
Many Microsoft Graph collection endpoints support pagination using the @odata.nextLink property.
If additional results exist, Microsoft Graph returns a continuation URL which must be called to retrieve the next batch of records.
Example response field:
"@odata.nextLink"
Pagination is commonly used for:
Workbook collections
Drive items
SharePoint files
Large table datasets
Data Types and Formatting
Excel cell values may be returned in multiple representations:
Raw values
Formatted text
Formulas
Number formats
Date and time values are often returned in ISO 8601 format.
Formula-driven cells may return either:
The formula itself
The calculated result
depending on the endpoint and request configuration.
Rate Limits
Microsoft Graph enforces throttling limits across:
Tenant activity
Application activity
User activity
Workbook concurrency
If rate limits are exceeded, Microsoft Graph may return HTTP 429 Too Many Requests.
Responses may include a Retry-After header specifying how long clients should wait before retrying requests.
File Locking and Concurrency
Excel workbooks stored in OneDrive or SharePoint may become temporarily locked during editing sessions.
Concurrent modifications from multiple users or automation processes can result in:
Conflict errors
Session invalidation
Delayed save propagation
For high-volume workflows, Microsoft recommends minimizing simultaneous writes to the same workbook.
Available Wrk Actions for Microsoft 365 Excel
Wrk provides a curated set of Microsoft 365 Excel Actions that map directly to commonly used Microsoft Graph Excel endpoints.
General Actions
Perform an API call in Microsoft 365 Excel
Workbook Actions
Retrieve a workbook from Microsoft 365 Excel
Retrieve worksheets from Microsoft 365 Excel
Create a worksheet in Microsoft 365 Excel
Delete a worksheet in Microsoft 365 Excel
Worksheet and Range Actions
Retrieve worksheet data from Microsoft 365 Excel
Retrieve a range from Microsoft 365 Excel
Update a range in Microsoft 365 Excel
Clear a range in Microsoft 365 Excel
Table Actions
Create a table in Microsoft 365 Excel
Retrieve a table from Microsoft 365 Excel
Retrieve rows from a table in Microsoft 365 Excel
Add rows to a table in Microsoft 365 Excel
Update rows in a table in Microsoft 365 Excel
Delete rows from a table in Microsoft 365 Excel
File Actions
Retrieve Excel files from OneDrive
Retrieve Excel files from SharePoint
Create an Excel workbook in Microsoft 365 Excel
Additional Resources
Microsoft Graph Excel API Reference:
Authentication Documentation:
Workbook Sessions:
Pagination:
Microsoft Graph Throttling Guidance: